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Unit 3 · Composite, Implicit & Inverse

Differentiation: Composite, Implicit & Inverse Functions

Extend differentiation to the functions the basic rules can't reach. Master the chain rule for composites, implicit differentiation for equations not solved for y, the derivatives of inverse and inverse trig functions, and higher-order derivatives.

6 topics
AB 9–13% · BC 4–7%
~13 class periods (AB)
College Board aligned
← Back to AP Calculus AB/BC

Choose your study tool

Six ways to master Unit 3 — pick whichever fits how you like to study.

Flashcards
24 interactive flashcards covering the chain rule, implicit differentiation, and derivatives of inverse and inverse trig functions. Tap to flip.
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Cheat Sheet
A one-page visual summary of Unit 3 — every rule, derivative, and exam trap on a single screen.
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Essentials
The core concepts plus a searchable glossary of every vocabulary term you need to know for the exam.
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Visual Review
A slide-by-slide walkthrough of Unit 3 with the chain rule, implicit differentiation, and the inverse-derivative relationship.
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MCQ Practice
35 multiple-choice questions in College Board exam style, with full explanations of every answer.
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FRQ Practice
A free-response question with model answers showing exactly how each part earns its point on the exam.
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Topics in Unit 3

All 6 topics from the College Board CED, in order.

Topic 3.1
The Chain Rule
Differentiating composite functions with the chain rule.
Topic 3.2
Implicit Differentiation
Differentiating equations not solved for y.
Topic 3.3
Differentiating Inverse Functions
Finding the derivative of an inverse function.
Topic 3.4
Differentiating Inverse Trig Functions
Derivatives of arcsin, arccos, and arctan.
Topic 3.5
Selecting Procedures for Derivatives
Choosing the right rule for a given function.
Topic 3.6
Calculating Higher-Order Derivatives
Second and higher derivatives via repeated differentiation.

About Unit 3

Unit 3 extends differentiation to functions the basic rules of Unit 2 can't handle directly. The chain rule differentiates composite functions — d/dx[f(g(x))] = f′(g(x))·g′(x) — and it powers almost everything that follows. Implicit differentiation applies the chain rule to equations that aren't solved for y (like x² + y² = 25), differentiating both sides with respect to x and solving for dy/dx.

You'll then find derivatives of inverse functions using (f⁻¹)′(x) = 1/f′(f⁻¹(x)), including the inverse trigonometric functions arcsin, arccos, and arctan. Topic 3.5 is about selecting the right procedure — deciding which combination of rules a messy function needs — and Topic 3.6 introduces higher-order derivatives, found by differentiating repeatedly.

On the exam this unit is 9–13% for AB and 4–7% for BC, and takes about 13 class periods (AB). The four mathematical practices below run through every topic:

Practice 1
Implementing Mathematical Processes
Practice 2
Connecting Representations
Practice 3
Justification
Practice 4
Communication & Notation
Up next
Unit 4: Contextual Applications of Differentiation
Start Unit 4 →