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Unit 3 · Electric Circuits Unit Hub Flashcards Cheat Sheet Essentials Visual Review MC Practice FRQ Practice
Unit 3 · 15–18% of Exam

Electric Circuits

The physics of charges in motion. Current and resistance, Ohm's law, series and parallel circuits, Kirchhoff's rules for multi-loop circuits, and how capacitors behave when wired into a circuit — including the time-dependent behavior of RC circuits.

8 topics
6 study resources
College Board aligned
100% free
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Choose your study tool

Six ways to master Unit 3 — pick whichever fits how you like to study.

Flashcards
25 interactive flashcards covering every key term from Unit 3. Tap to flip, shuffle, and use keyboard arrows.
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Cheat Sheet
A one-page visual summary of Unit 3 — every key topic, term, and theme on a single screen.
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Essentials
The big ideas plus a searchable glossary of every vocabulary term you need to know for the exam.
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Visual Review
A slide-by-slide walkthrough of Unit 3 with diagrams of circuits, Kirchhoff's rules, and RC charging curves.
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MCQ Practice
35 multiple-choice questions in College Board exam style — with full explanations of every answer.
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FRQ Practice
A free-response question with model answers showing exactly how each part earns its point on the exam.
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Topics in Unit 3

Eight topics from the College Board CED, in order.

Topic 3.1
Electric Current
Current as the rate of charge flow, I = ΔQ/Δt, and the microscopic picture of charge carriers in a conductor.
Topic 3.2
Simple Circuits
Batteries, emf, and single-loop circuits — how a potential difference drives current through a closed path.
Topic 3.3
Resistance, Resistivity, & Ohm's Law
V = IR, and how resistance depends on a material's resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area.
Topic 3.4
Electric Power
P = IV = I²R = V²/R — the rate at which electrical energy is converted in a circuit element.
Topic 3.5
Compound DC Circuits
How current, voltage, and equivalent resistance behave in series, parallel, and combined resistor networks.
Topic 3.6
Kirchhoff's Loop Rule
The sum of potential differences around any closed loop is zero — energy conservation applied to circuits.
Topic 3.7
Kirchhoff's Junction Rule
Current into a junction equals current out — charge conservation applied to multi-path circuits.
Topic 3.8
RC Circuits
Capacitors in circuits: steady-state behavior, charging and discharging over time, and time constants.

About Unit 3

Unit 3 takes the electrostatics tools from Unit 2 and puts them to work in moving circuits. You'll learn how current is just charge in motion, how Ohm's law connects voltage, current, and resistance, and how to analyze circuits of growing complexity — from simple series and parallel combinations up through multi-loop circuits that require Kirchhoff's rules.

This unit ties with Units 1 and 2 as the highest-weighted unit on the exam at roughly 15–18% of the AP Physics 2 exam. Circuit analysis is one of the most heavily tested skills on the free-response section, so this unit rewards careful, consistent practice.

Note: the College Board's revised Course and Exam Description numbers the AP Physics 2 units 9–15, continuing from AP Physics 1's units 1–8 — so this unit appears there as Unit 11: Electric Circuits, with topics 11.1–11.8. We number it Unit 3 since it's the third unit of the Physics 2 course.

Up next
Unit 4: Magnetism & Electromagnetism
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