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Unit 9 · The Pacific Unit Hub Flashcards Cheat Sheet Essentials Visual Review MC Practice FRQ Practice
Unit 9 · The Pacific · ~4% of Exam

The Pacific
700–1980 CE

From Nan Madol to Rapa Nui — navigating Polynesia, Micronesia, Melanesia, and beyond for the AP exam.

~11 required works
700–1980 CE
~4% of AP Exam
Polynesia, Micronesia & Melanesia

Unit Resources

6 tools
Flashcards
17 flip cards — identify every image-set work cold
Cheat Sheet
Regional timeline, comparison table, exam traps
Essentials
Big ideas + 36-term searchable vocabulary
Visual Review
12 key works with analysis diagrams
MC Practice
20 stimulus-based multiple-choice questions
FRQ Practice
All 6 question types with model answers

Big Ideas

EU 1

Art as Navigation and Knowledge

Pacific peoples mastered vast oceanic distances using wayfinding knowledge encoded in art — navigation charts, star lore, body tattooing. Art is not decoration; it IS the technology of survival and identity across the world's largest ocean.

EU 2

Mana and the Sacred Object

Across the Pacific, objects accumulate spiritual power (mana) through use, gifting, and association with ancestors and chiefs. A Hawaiian feather cloak, a Fijian tapa cloth, and a Māori meeting house all materialize mana and social rank.

EU 3

Contact, Colonialism, and Resilience

European contact from the 18th century onward profoundly disrupted Pacific cultures — but did not erase them. Contemporary Pacific artists and the continued production of tapa, tattooing, and ceremonial objects demonstrate active cultural resilience, not passive survival.

Image Set

17 key works
01
Nan Madol
Pohnpei, Micronesia · ca. 700–1200 CE
Basalt & coral · Saudeleur dynasty
Micronesia
02
Moai on Platform (Ahu)
Rapa Nui (Easter Island) · ca. 1100–1600 CE
Tuff volcanic stone
Polynesia
03
Female Deity
Nukuoro, Micronesia · ca. 1800–1900
Wood · Micronesian
Micronesia
04
Buk (Mask)
Torres Strait Islands · ca. 1885
Turtle shell, feathers, fiber
Torres Strait
05
Malagan Display
New Ireland, Papua New Guinea · 20th c.
Wood, pigment · Mortuary ceremony
Melanesia
06
Navigation Chart (Rebbelib)
Marshall Islands · 19th c.
Palm fiber, shells, sticks
Micronesia
07
Hiapo (Tapa Cloth)
Niue · ca. 1850–1900
Bark cloth (tapa), pigment
Polynesia
08
Staff God (To'o)
Rarotonga, Cook Islands · early 19th c.
Wood, fiber, feathers
Polynesia
09
Feather Cloak (Ahu 'Ula)
Hawaii · 18th century
Bird feathers, fiber netting
Hawaii
10
Tapa (Kapa)
Hawaii · ca. 1800–1820
Bark cloth (wauke)
Hawaii
11
Tattooed Man (after John Webber)
Polynesia (Marquesas) · ca. 1784
Engraving after drawing
Polynesia
12
Female Figure (Tiki)
Marquesas Islands · 19th c.
Tridacna shell
Polynesia
13
Tamati Waka Nene (Portrait)
Gottfried Lindauer · New Zealand · 1890
Oil on canvas · Māori subject
Māori
14
Presentation of Fijian Mats and Tapa
Fiji · 1953
Event painting · Colonial context
Fiji
15
Māori Meeting House (Wharenui)
New Zealand · 19th–20th c.
Wood, carved panels · Ancestor architecture
Māori
16
Bis Pole (Ancestor Pole)
Asmat, Papua New Guinea · 20th c.
Wood · Mortuary headhunting tradition
Melanesia
17
Fatu Feu'u, Contemporary Pacific Work
Samoa/New Zealand · late 20th c.
Painting · Diaspora identity
Contemporary

Regions

Micronesia

Nan Madol, Nukuoro deity, Marshall Islands navigation charts — small islands, vast knowledge systems

Polynesia

Rapa Nui moai, Niue hiapo, Cook Islands to'o, Marquesan tattooing and tiki figures

Melanesia

New Ireland malagan displays, Asmat bis poles — complex mortuary and ancestral traditions

Torres Strait

Buk turtle-shell mask — synthesis of Melanesian and Australian Aboriginal visual cultures

Hawaii

Feather cloaks, kapa tapa — chiefly regalia encoding mana and political rank

Māori/New Zealand

Wharenui meeting house, Lindauer portrait — ancestor architecture, colonial-contact portraiture

Fiji

Tapa and mats presented to Queen Elizabeth II — colonial encounter, living material culture

Contemporary

Fatu Feu'u and Pacific diaspora artists — cultural identity across displacement

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